Government support for the cost of living

24th March 2022

The government understands the pressures people are facing with the cost of living. These are global challenges, but the government has taken action to support families worth over £22 billion in 2022-23 to help.

This includes:
Cutting fuel duty
A 12-month cut in the main rates of fuel duty for petrol and diesel of 5 pence per litre. This is the largest cash terms cut that has ever been applied to all fuel duty rates at once and represents savings for consumers worth almost £2.4 billion over the next year. This comes on top of freezes to fuel duty for 12 years in a row.

Raising National insurance thresholds
National Insurance starting thresholds will rise to £12,570 from July 2022, meaning hard-working people across the UK will keep more of what they earn before they start paying tax. The cut, worth over £6 billion, will benefit 30 million working people with a typical employee saving over £330 a year and, means the UK now has some of the most generous tax thresholds in the world.

Reducing NICs for lower-earning self-employed people
from April, self-employed individuals will not pay Class 2 NICs on profits between the Small Profits Threshold and Lower Profits Limit, meaning lower-earning self-employed people can keep more of what they earn while continuing to build up National Insurance credits. This change represents a tax cut for around 500,000 self-employed people worth up to £165 per year.

Universal Credit (UC) taper rate
Reducing the UC taper rate from 63% to 55% and increasing work allowances by £500 per annum from late 2021. This is effectively a tax cut for the lowest paid in society worth around £1.9 billion in 2022-23. This change also means that 1.7 million households will on average keep around an extra £1,000 on an annual basis.

Help with energy bills
A £9.1 billion energy bill rebate package, worth up to £350 each for around 28 million households. Domestic energy customers in Great Britain will receive a £200 reduction in energy bills this Autumn, which will be paid back automatically over the next 5 years. Households liable for Council Tax in Bands A-D in England will also receive a £150 non-repayable Council Tax Rebate, and Local Authorities are receiving extra discretionary funding to help those who are in need but not eligible.

The Household Support Fund
Doubling the Household Support Fund to £1billion by providing an extra £500 million from April 2022, on top of the £500 million already provided since October 2021. The Fund will help households with the cost of essentials such as food, clothing and utilities and, in England, will continue to be distributed to Local Authorities, who are best placed to direct help to those who need it most.

Freezing alcohol duty
As announced at Autumn Budget 2021, we are freezing alcohol duty for 2022-23, for the third year in a row. Duty rates on beer, cider, wine and spirits will be frozen in 2022-23, saving £3 billion over the next 5 years. Consumers will save 3p off a pint of beer, 2p off a pint of cider, 14p off a 75cl bottle of wine and 52p off a 70cl bottle of Scotch.

This action comes on top of efforts already made by this government to get people into work and ensure work pays:
Raising the National Living Wage (NLW)
Increasing the NLW by 6.6% to £9.50 per hour for workers aged 23 and over from 1 April, which will benefit more than 2 million workers. This means an increase of over £1,000 to the annual earnings of a full-time worker on the NLW.

Helping people into jobs
The ‘Way to Work' campaign aims to get 500,000 jobseekers into jobs by the end of June 2022. A new In Work Progression offer will also mean more low paid workers on UC will be able to access personalised work coach support to help them increase their earnings.

Investing in skills
Increasing skills funding by £3.8 billion over the Parliament, as announced at Spending Review 2021. Better skills help people improve their earnings prospects and support their success in the labour market.

It also adds to other support for energy bills and to improve energy efficiency including:
The Warm Homes Discount
2.2 million low-income households receive a £140 rebate on their energy bills. From 2022, proposed changes will see the scheme be worth £475 million a year with nearly 3 million households receiving a £150 rebate.

Winter Fuel Payments
Providing payments of £200 for households with someone of State Pension Age, or £300 for Households with someone aged 80 or over, a significant £2bn per year contribution to winter fuel bills.

Cold Weather Payments
£25 extra a week for poorer households when the temperature is zero or below

Expanding the scope of VAT relief for energy saving materials
Ensuring that households installing energy saving materials such as thermal insulation or solar panels pay 0% VAT for the next five years, helping to improve energy efficiency and keep heating bills down.

Other energy efficiency savings
The £471 million spending to date on the Social Housing Decarbonisation Fund (£121m) and the Sustainable Warmth programme (£350m) is estimated to save households an average of £350-450 per year on their energy bills.

Existing support for families will also help households manage cost of living pressures:
Welfare spending
In total, the UK government is expected to provide £243 billion of support in 22-23 through the welfare system, including £40 billion through Universal Credit and £111 billion through the State Pension. Within the welfare system, the Government is maintaining the increase to Local Housing Allowance rates for private renters on UC and Housing Benefit in cash terms in 2021- 22 and then in 2022-23. This increase was worth over an extra £600 on average in 2020-21 for more than 1.5 million households.

Help with childcare
Since 2010 the government has doubled free childcare for eligible working parents of 3-4 year olds, from 15 to 30 hours per week, worth around £5,000 per child per year. We have also introduced tax-free childcare, providing working parents up to £2,000 of childcare support a year (£4,000 for disabled children).